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    HR futures: Nucor's price cut makes its mark on steel markets

    Written by Spencer Johnson


    When we were asked to provide some additional commentary to SMU about the futures markets for flat rolled, our only reluctance to contribute was rooted merely in the fact that SMU (1) already offers an excellent array of authors on this topic and (2) a concern regarding what new ground could be covered that hasn’t already been discussed to death on this issue.

    Thankfully, however, Nucor has offered up something we can describe, without hyperbole, as simply revolutionary for spot pricing in flat rolled – a development that we simply could not resist commenting on with respect to its probable impacts on the futures market.

    A mill price decrease?!

    In the past few weeks, markets have become extremely familiar with the introduction of the Nucor “CSP HRC base price” publication, which, like the CRU, is published weekly. But unlike CRU, it merely intends to offer the basis price for which Nucor’s producing mills will offer spot tons into the market. (The exception is California Steel Industries, which who is quoted at a separate premium.)

    It is important to keep the context of Nucor’s announcements clear. Nucor’s own price could never really work to supplant CRU as something like a futures market settlement mechanism. That’s because a calculation of spot prices needs to be based on a survey of all the separate producers and consumers in aggregate. It can’t be just one company whose own role might skew them from the overall average transacted price.

    So while there is a limit to the impact Nucor’s number will have, that does little to diminish the number’s significance in our eyes. This is not just because of Nucor’s size and general influence on the market. That is not to be underestimated. It is also because Nucor has demonstrated a direct willingness now in these past two weeks to let their number reflect the reality of a lower spot market. In addition, it gives us a data point ahead of the Wednesday CRU index that will help guide traders on a more frequent basis with what, so far, appears to be pretty accurate price updates.

    Now it would not seem quite so revolutionary for a steel market outsider to see this development. A price DECREASE announcement would be commonplace in any market where competitors seek to attract market share, right? Yes, but this is the steel market. And in our market we know full well that a price decrease announcement is unheard of.

    More data is a good thing

    This ties into one of the most frequent debates between financial players and physical hedgers in HRC, which is the infrequency of spot data. Even in other ferrous markets, like iron ore and scrap, we have a daily number. HRC, which of course settles off CRU, is weekly by nature. But this has often forced traders, for better or worse, to look for clues to the next CRU move through the lens of the other indices.

    Generally, trade and market price discovery work best when there is MORE data. Now, with two weekly numbers printing on different days of the week, and each carrying influence on their own, I think there is an immediate boost to the amount of activity we will expect to see.

    And so, Monday’s broad sell-off was without question tied directly to the Nucor announcement of a $760 per short ton (st) base, a more than $50/st discount to last week’s prevailing index price. It would again be without hyperbole to note that this announcement seemed to take most everyone a bit by surprise.

    Traders started pulling bids, and here we are now on June, trading as low as $766/ton. Note that June had already been pricing in a modest drop relative to current indices. Nucor may have just signaled, it would seem, that the drop is already here.

    What is priced in?

    And this brings us to our main point, which is to ask, “What is priced in”? Meaning what future developments in supply/demand are being priced into the forward price, and what interest rates, level of dollar strength, etc. These all play a role in determining how the forward market is priced.

    But ultimately, the question is broad. What is priced in? June has been trading at a discount to the spot index price now for months (trading in backwardation). Going into Monday, I don’t think “Nucor announces $50/ton price CUT” was being priced in. It is now based on Monday’s trading activity.

    With this in mind, we hope to bring our discussion of “What is priced in?” here to you the SMU readers a bit more regularly. I think you will find this is a different discussion entirely from “What is the price?” And perhaps one day, in an ideal world, we won’t be asking just “What is the price?” but also “What is priced in?” Because that latter question is, in my opinion, vastly more intriguing.

    Disclaimer

    This material should be construed as the solicitation of an account, order, and/or services provided by the FCM Division of StoneX Financial Inc. (“SFI”) (NFA ID: 0476094) or StoneX Markets LLC (“SXM”) (NFA ID: 0449652) and represents the opinions and viewpoints of the author. It does not constitute an individualized recommendation or take into account the particular trading objectives, financial situations, or needs of individual customers. Additionally, this material should not be construed as research material. The trading of derivatives such as futures, options, and over-the-counter (OTC) products or “swaps” may not be suitable for all investors. Derivatives trading involves substantial risk of loss, and you should fully understand the risks prior to trading. Past results are not necessarily indicative of future results. All references to and discussion of OTC products or swaps are made solely on behalf of SXM. All references to futures and options on futures trading are made solely on behalf of SFI. SXM products are intended to be traded only by individuals or firms who qualify under CFTC rules as an ‘Eligible Contract Participant’ (“ECP”) and who have been accepted as customers of SXM. SFI and SXM are not responsible for any redistribution of this material by third parties, or any trading decisions taken by persons not intended to view this material. Information contained herein was obtained from sources believed to be reliable, but is not guaranteed as to its accuracy. Contact designated personnel from SFI or SXM for specific trading advice to meet your trading preferences. Reproduction or use in any format without authorization is forbidden. © Copyright 2024. All rights reserved.

    Spencer Johnson

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    Steel market chatter this week

    Steel market chatter this week Earlier this week, SMU polled steel buyers on an array of topics, ranging from market prices, demand, and inventories to tariffs, imports, and evolving market events. We are sharing a selection of the comments we received below, in each buyer’s own words. Before diving in, we reviewed all of the responses collected and compiled these key takeaways: • Most buyers continue to expect higher prices in the near future and report that demand is stable to improving. • Inventories are moving faster than they were this time last year for most respondents, attributed to limited availability and leaner supply chains. • Imports are attractive for many buyers on both price and availability, though quotas, long lead times, and quality concerns continue to limit their appeal. • Buyers were split on whether tariff policies are helping their businesses, while a slight majority reported some evidence of manufacturing reshoring, though many said it is still too early to tell. Want to share your thoughts? Contact david@steelmarketupdate.com to be included in our market questionnaires. How do you expect prices to trend over the next three months? “I expect prices to rise at a fairly rapid pace for at least the next two to three months because inventories will continue to decrease.” “Upward, capacity remains tight.” “Climbing for several months.” “Trending toward $1,300/st HRC, only because one small player is driving prices up with no one else selling spot.” “Higher, the Q1 bump is not showing in the futures market.” “We expect things to keep going up from here. Next year could get ugly, but we're not there yet.” “Still trending up. There are some soft spots getting softer, but still steady demand and a shortage of supply.” “Continue to rise slowly.” “Slow increases like they have been doing.” “Upward due to continued demand and mill maintenance outages.” “Will remain high but steady due to demand and tariff implications.” “Plate prices most likely will be flat to up over the next three months.” Is demand improving, declining or stable? “Demand is stable (if anything, overstated), with inventories so lean, late mill deliveries, and contract prices increasing next year.” “Demand is fairly consistent with the rest of the year.” “Stable, but very strong for our products.” “Stable as many projects are trying to get ahead of potential additional price increases.” “Stable due to the ‘slow season’ in our market.” “Plate demand is stable to improving.” “Demand is good to improving. We'll take it!” “Improving, but still not to 100% capacity.” Is inventory moving faster or slower than this time last year? “Faster... once it arrives (late), it goes right back out.” “Faster due to lack of availability and bullwhip buying.” “Inventory is moving faster this year than last because demand is stronger than last year and many of our competitors don't have as much steel to offer.” “Inventory is moving faster with supply chains so lean.” “Inventory is moving at a good clip. Just based on costs/spends, we're stocking less sheet, coil and plate though.” “Plate inventory is moving at a much faster pace year over year due to several factors.” “Faster due to a shortage of supply plus added demand.” “About the same.” Are President Trump's tariff policies helping your business? Buyers were split this week, with 44% believing the tariffs are helping their business and 44% saying they are not. The remaining 11% were unsure how the policies will impact them. Comments included: “Yes for now. Prices are very high, which causes people to buy before prices get higher.” “Yes, I credit Trump's policies and data centers for improving demand.” “Yes, inventory values continue to go up.” “They are helping on the sell side and hurting on the buy side.” “No, they are creating shortages and increasing the cost of steel.” Are you seeing evidence of manufacturing reshoring to the US because of Trump's tariffs? The slight majority of respondents (39%) reported they have seen some evidence of reshoring, a higher rate compared to recent surveys. A third said it is too early to say, and 28% answered they are not seeing any signs of reshoring. Comments included: “Yes. Perhaps reshoring has added to the increased demand in 2026.” “Yes, with machining and turning.” “Yes, capacity versus demand in North America is creating pressure to reshore products.” “Too early to say. There have been a lot of announcements, but steel availability has limited immediate moves.” Are imports more attractive than domestic material? “Imports are more attractive on a pricing front and an availability standpoint, but lead times are extended.” “Imports are attractive in both price and because they offer additional availability. Whether or not they show up and or as offered is another issue.” “Imports are certainly attractive. They're coming in in earnest, so this run will peter out early next year.” “Attractive due to price and availability.” “Attractive, domestic tons are unavailable.” “Yes on light gauge painted.” “Without quotas, yes, the price is more attractive. But if you get caught with the quota, pricing is very high.” “Not to us, but we are hearing more about affordable imports.” “Plate imports are only slightly more attractive than domestically produced plate.” “Not yet, shipping lag is still too large.” “No due to tariffs.” What's something that's going on in the market that nobody is talking about? “What is the latest on SDI/BlueScope? I had heard it was back on the ‘front burner’ but all is quiet now. Maybe that means a deal is getting close?” “Will the US bring a trade case against South Korea over imports spiking?” “Busheling scrap prices are flat, while hot roll continues to rise. The scrap gap is increasing.” “How will the next administration handle tariffs that have so limited our steel supply?” “Mill discipline in production capacity.” “Coke pricing levels due to demand and supply.” “Shipbuilding.”

    Plate supply squeeze tightens as demand presses higher

    The domestic plate market is showing few signs of relief for steel buyers. Lead times are stretching well beyond seasonal norms, spot availability has all but evaporated, and mills are drawing hard lines on contract volumes heading into 2027 negotiations. And the supply squeeze will likely intensify in a market that some industry sources say is structurally undersupplied because of stringent US trade and tariff policies. Imports have been arriving in larger volumes, and the expectation is they will continue to tick higher into 2027. The big question is whether those foreign tons will arrive in volumes sufficient to provide the relief steel consumers want.